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 NAME

fopen - open a stream

 SYNOPSIS

#include <stdio.h>FILE *fopen(const char *filename, const char *mode);

 DESCRIPTION

Thefopen()function opens the file whose pathname is the string pointed to byfilename,and associates a stream with it.

The argumentmodepoints to a string beginning with one of the following sequences:

r or rb

Open file for reading.

w or wb

Truncate to zero length or create file for writing.

a or ab

Append; open or create file for writing at end-of-file.

r+ or rb+ or r+b

Open file for update (reading and writing).

w+ or wb+ or w+b

Truncate to zero length or create file for update.

a+ or ab+ or a+b

Append; open or create file for update, writing at end-of-file.

The character b has no effect, but is allowed for ISO C standardconformance.Opening a file with read mode (r as the first character in themodeargument) fails if the file does not exist or cannot be read.

Opening a file with append mode (a as the first character in themodeargument) causes all subsequent writes to the file to be forcedto the then current end-of-file, regardless of intervening callstofseek().

When a file is opened with update mode (+ as the second or thirdcharacter in themodeargument), both input and output may be performed on theassociated stream.However, output must not be directly followed by input without anintervening call tofflush()or to a file positioning function (.Fn fseek ,fsetpos()orrewind()),and input must not be directly followed by output without anintervening call to a file positioning function, unless the inputoperation encounters end-of-file.

When opened, a stream is fully buffered if and only if it can bedetermined not to refer to an interactive device.The error and end-of-file indicators for the stream are cleared.

Ifmodeis w, a, w+ or a+ and the filedid not previously exist, upon successful completion,fopen()function will mark for update thest_atime,st_ctimeandst_mtimefields of the file and thest_ctimeandst_mtimefields of the parent directory.

Ifmodeis w or w+ and the file did previously exist, upon successfulcompletion,fopen()will mark for update thest_ctimeandst_mtimefields of the file. Thefopen()function will allocate a file descriptor asopen()does.

The largest value that can be represented correctly in an object of typeoff_twill be established as the offset maximum in the open file description.

 RETURN VALUE

Upon successful completion,fopen()returns a pointer to the object controlling the stream. Otherwise, a nullpointer is returned, anderrnois set to indicate the error.

 ERRORS

Thefopen()function will fail if:

[EACCES]

Search permission is denied on a component of the path prefix,or the file exists and the permissions specified bymodeare denied, or the file does not exist and write permission isdenied for the parent directory of the file to be created.

[EINTR]

A signal was caught duringfopen().

[EISDIR]

The named file is a directory andmoderequires write access.

[ELOOP]

Too many symbolic links were encountered in resolving path.

[EMFILE]

{OPEN_MAX} file descriptors are currently open in the calling process.

[ENAMETOOLONG]

The length of thefilenameexceeds {PATH_MAX} or a pathname component is longer than {NAME_MAX}.

[ENFILE]

The maximum allowable number of files is currently open in the system.

[ENOENT]

A component of filename does not name an existing fileor filename is an empty string.

[ENOSPC]

The directory or file system that would contain thenew file cannot be expanded, the file does not exist, andit was to be created.

[ENOTDIR]

A component of the path prefix is not a directory.

[ENXIO]

The named file is a character special or block special file,and the device associated with this special file does not exist.

[EOVERFLOW]

The named file is a regular file and the size of the file cannot berepresented correctly in an object of typeoff_t.

[EROFS]

The named file resides on a read-only file system andmoderequires write access.

Thefopen()function may fail if:

[EINVAL]

The value of themodeargument is not valid.

[EMFILE]

{FOPEN_MAX} streams are currently open in the calling process.

[EMFILE]

{STREAM_MAX} streams are currently open in the calling process.

[ENAMETOOLONG]

Pathname resolution of a symbolic link produced an intermediate result whoselength exceeds {PATH_MAX}.

[ENOMEM]

Insufficient storage space is available.

[ETXTBSY]

The file is a pure procedure (shared text) file that is being executed andmoderequires write access.

 EXAMPLES

None.

 APPLICATION USAGE

None.

 FUTURE DIRECTIONS

None.

 SEE ALSO

fclose(),fdopen(),freopen(),<stdio.h>.

DERIVATION

Derived from Issue 1 of the SVID.